Gramática del JLPT N4 (ba)

Significado

conditional form; If [A] then [B]

Cómo se usa

special formatting rules (see below)
ba ば ば jlpt n4 grammar meaning 文法 例文 japanese flashcards

Aprende gramática del idioma Japonés: (ba). Significado: conditional form; If [A] then [B].

Standard format: [A] [B]

If condition [A] is met, then [B] will happen.

Conditional rules for (ba)?

There are some special format rules for this grammar, which I will explain now with some examples before moving on to our main example sentences.

Verbs

  • Use dictionary form.
  • Change the ending from «u» to an «e».
  • Add ば at the end.

う Verb – Example

= iku = to go
ku changes to ke
= ikeba = if (you) go

る Verb – Example

= taberu = to eat
ru changes to re
= tabereba = if (you) eat

Special Verb 来る

= kuru = to come
ru changes to re
= kureba = if (you) come

Special Verb する

= suru = to do
ru changes to re
= sureba = if (you) do

Verb (Negative Form)

  • Use dictionary negative form.
  • Change the ending (i) to (nakereba).

= ikanai = to not go
changes to
= ikanakereba = if (you) do not go

い-adjective

  • Change the ending ( i) to (kereba).

= ookii = big
changes to
= ookikereba = if big

い-adjective (Negative)

  • The rules are the same, change the ending ( i) to (kunakereba).

= ookikunai = not big
changes to
= ookikunakereba = if not big

な-adjective

  • At the end, add either of the two.
    • (naraba)
    • (de areba)

= benri = convenient
changes to
= benri naraba = if convenient
(OR)
= benri deareba = if convenient

な-adjective (Negative)

  • At the end, add either of the two.
    • (janakereba) (more casual)
    • (de nakereba)

= benri = convenient
changes to
= benri janakereba = if not convenient
(OR)
= benri denakereba = if not convenient

Noun

  • Same as な-adjective
  • At the end, add either of the two.
    • (naraba)
    • (de areba)

= nihonjin = Japanese
changes to
= nihonjin naraba = if Japanese
(OR)
= nihonjin deareba = if Japanese

Noun (Negative)

  • Same as な-adjective (negative)
  • At the end, add either of the two.
    • (janakereba) (more casual)
    • (de nakereba)

= nihonjin = Japanese
changes to
= nihonjin janakereba = if not Japanese
(OR)
= nihonjin denakereba = if not Japanese


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- Oraciones de ejemplos

Cada oración de ejemplo incluye ayudas como la lectura (hiragana) en Japónes, la lectura en romaji, y la traducción en Español.

Da clic en el siguiente botón rojo para alternar todas las ayudas, o puedes dar clic en los botones individuales para mostrar únicamente las que desees ver.

Ejemplo #1

このボタンをおせば、ドアがひらきます。
kono botan o oseba, doa ga hirakimasu.
If you push this button, the door will open.
Ejemplo #2

あなたがいけば、わたしもいくよ。
anata ga ikeba, watashi mo iku yo.
If you go, then I'm going too!
Ejemplo #3

いますぐしゅっぱつすればまにあうでしょう。
ima sugu shuppatsu sureba ma ni au deshou.
If you leave right away, you'll still make it in time!
Ejemplo #4

まいにちれんしゅうをすれば、じょうずになるよ。
mainichi renshuu o sureba, jouzu ni naru yo.
If you practice everyday, you're going to improve!
Ejemplo #5

すうしゅうかんもすれば、みんなわすれるよ。
suushuukan mo sureba, minna wasureru yo.
Everyone will forget this in a few weeks.
Ejemplo #6

うみにいけばだれだってみずぎをきるわ。
umi ni ikeba dare datte mizugi o kiru wa.
Everyone wears a bathing suit at the beach.
Ejemplo #7

アメリカたいしかんへいきたいんですが、どういけばいいですか。
amerika taishikan he ikitaindesuga, dou ikeba ii desuka?
I want to go to the American embassy, do you know how to get there from here?

Vocabulario

Kanji Kana English
便利 べんり convenient
押す おす to push; to press
開く ひらく to open
出発 しゅっぱつ to depart
間に合う まにあう to make it in time
毎日 まいにち everyday
練習 れんしゅう practice
上手 じょうず skilled
数週間 すうしゅうかん a few weeks
忘れる わすれる to forget
うみ ocean
誰だって だれだって everyone
水着 みずぎ swim suit
着る きる to wear
大使館 たいしかん embassy; consulate

Ver todas las lecciones de gramática del JLPT N4

JLPT N4 vocabulary list

Lista gramatical del JLPT N4

Lista gramatical del JLPT N4